ABOUT CARAVAN ROUTES IN USTYURT

Abstract

The article talks about the branches of the Great Silk Road that passed through Ustyurt, developed in the Middle Ages and the Late Middle Ages. It is known that two lines of caravan routes have passed through Ustyurt since the Middle Ages. One of the roads went through Central Ustyurt to the Volga and the Urals, while the other road went to Mangishlaq. The first road, called the Nogai road, connected Khorezm and Bulgar. Maghishlaq highway connected Khorezm and Khazar. The author focuses on the development of caravan routes in Ustyurt during the period of the Golden Horde and during the reign of Amir Temur and his successors. After Amir Temur's military campaigns against the Golden Horde, traffic along these caravan routes ceased for some time, but subsequently the great commander Amir Temur rebuilt these trade routes. The article also provides information about the first sources and the first research works about caravan routes in Ustyurt.